Quebec to Expand Province's Secularism Rules
Does Bill 9 discriminate against minorities while exempting Catholics, or does it ensure secular neutrality across institutions?
Above: The Quebec flag atop the National Assembly of Quebec in Quebec City, Canada, on Jun. 25, 2025. Image credit: Creative Touch Imaging Ltd./NurPhoto/Getty Images
The Spin
Pro-government narrative
Bill 9 reinforces Quebec's secular traditions by ensuring government institutions remain neutral toward all religions. The legislation protects democratic values and Quebec's integration model by establishing clear boundaries: religious practice remains fully permitted in private residences and places of worship, but will not affect the mission of public institutions.
Government-critical narrative
Bill 9 is an assault on religious freedom, targeting Muslims and Jews while privileging elderly Catholics. The legislation bans prayer in public and private spaces, prohibits face coverings at schools and restricts halal and kosher food options — all while exempting long-term care homes where older, predominantly Catholic Quebecers reside.