New NASA instrument detects methane ‘super-emitters’ from space
Al JazeeraFEB 23 2023
On Tuesday, NASA said its Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation mission detected and identified more than 50 "super-emitters" of methane gas in Central Asia, the Middle East, and the southwestern US. The observations occurred as a part of the International Space Station's operations.
Methane absorbs infrared light in a way allowing the NASA mission to detect greenhouse gas more easily. Sites under investigation included oil and gas facilities as well as extensive landfills.
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson said, "reining in methane emissions is key to limiting global warming. This exciting new development will not only help researchers better pinpoint where methane leaks are coming from, but also provide insight on how they can be addressed quickly."
NASA's findings are critical to supporting policymakers in regulating dangerous methane gas emissions. Game-changing monitoring tools are also being developed in Europe, which will help to pinpoint sites like power plants and fossil facilities. These space-based tools will help to hold "super emitters" accountable.
While satellites are excellent sources for monitoring and tracking greenhouse gas emissions, there are shortcomings with space-based data collection systems. Satellites don't typically measure all greenhouse gases everywhere all the time, and they must be coupled with ground-based detection systems if we want a true picture of emitters.
While it's crucial to monitor and hold accountable human-based "super emitters," soon the Arctic will be ejecting just as much greenhouse gas into our atmosphere as a large industrial nation — and even potentially as much as the US has emitted since the start of the industrial revolution. We need to bring the power of satellites and sensors to the barren Arctic as well as to human infrastructure.